Tugas 2. Rangkuman Materi Sistem Bilangan

Sistem Bilangan

• Desimal          > 0 ~ 9
• Biner              > 0 ~ 1
• Oktal              > 0 ~ 7
• Hexadesimal  > 0 ~ F

Bilangan Desimal

Dalam setiap bilangan desimal terdiri dari 10 digit, 0 sampai dengan 9. Contoh: Ungkapkan bilangan desimal 2745.214 sebagai penjumlahan nilai setiap digit.

2745.214 :

• 2 yang pertama merupakan MSD,Positional Values(weight) nya 10 pangkat 3
• . merupakan decimal point
• 4 yang terakhir merupakan LSD,Positional Values(weight) nya 10 pangkat -3

Bilangan Biner 

• Sistem Bilangan biner merupakan cara lain untuk melambangkan kuantitas,dimana 1(HIGH) dan 0 (LOW).
• Sistem Bilangan biner mempunyai nilai basis 2 dengak nilai setiap posisi dibagi dengan faktor 2:Positive Powers OF Two(Whole Number) dan Negative Powers OF Two(Fractional Number)

Konversi Desimal ke Biner

• Metode Sum-OF-Weight.
• Pengulangan Pembagian dengan metode bilangan 2.
• Konversi fraksi desimal ke biner.

Binary Arithmetic

• Binary Arithmetic is essential in all digital computers and in many other types of digital systems.
• Addition,Subtraction,Multiplication, And Division.

1`S and 2`S Complements of Binary Numbers

• The 1`S and 2`S Complements of Binary Numbers are very important because they permit the representation of negative numbers.
• The method of 2`S compliment arithmetic is commonly used in computers to handle negative numbers

Arithmetic Operations with Signed Number

In this section we will learn how signed numbers are added, subtracted , multiplied and divided. This section will cover only on the 2`S complement arithmetic ,because it widely used in computers and microprocessor-based system.

Hexadecimal Numbers

• Most digital system deal with groups of bits in even powers of 2 such as 8,16,32 and 64 bits.
• Hexadecimal uses groups of 4 bits.
• Base 16:16 possible symbols, 0-9 and A-F
• Allows for convenient handling of long binary strings.

BCD

• Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) is another way to present decimal numbers in binary form.
• BCD is widely used and combines features of both decimal and binary systems.
• Each digit is converted to a binary equivalent.
• BCD is not a number system.
• BCD is a decimal number with each digit encoded to its binary equivalent.
• A BCD number is not the same as a straight binary number.
• The primary advantage of BCD is the relative ease of converting to and from decimal

Alphanumeric Codes

• Represents characters and function found on a computer keyboard.
• ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
• Seven bit code:2 pangkat 7=128 possible code groups.
• Table 2-4 lists the standard ASCII codes.
• Example of use are:to transfer information between computers, between computers and printers, and for internal storage.

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